Geographical Coordinates: - Latitude: 37°34'15.42" N - Longitude: 12°39'34.81" E L’Osservatorio Climatico – Ambientale di Capo Granitola si trova nel sito costiero di Torretta Granitola (a 12 km da Mazzara del Vallo ed a 65 km in direzione sud-est rispetto all’Isola di Marettimo), presso la sede CNR -IAMC, dove l’Istituto ISAC ha promosso, in collaborazione con IAMC, le attività di potenziamento infrastrutturale; esso raccoglie in modo continuativo informazioni sulla composizione dell’atmosfera caratteristica della zona costiera della Sicilia occidentale e più in generale del Bacino del Mediterraneo. L’Osservatorio, posizionato direttamente sulla linea di costa, si affaccia direttamente sul canale di Sicilia e raccoglie informazioni relative al “fondo” atmosferico del bacino del Mediterraneo; al tempo stesso permette di valutare l’influenza che fenomeni specifici (ad esempio: trasporto di masse d’aria a lunga distanza, emissione di aerosol minerale dal Nord Africa, emissione di inquinamento dal traffico navale), possono avere sulla variabilità di composti inquinanti e climalteranti. In particolare sono stati attivati i seguenti programmi di misura: - Parametri meteorologici – Bilancio della radiazione solare - Ozono superficiale – Biossido di zolfo - Anidride carbonica, metano e monossido di carbonio - Ossidi d’azoto e - Distribuzione dimensionale dell’aerosol (particelle da 280 nm a 10 micron di diametro) - Massa dell’aerosol sulle frazione PM2.5 e PM10 - Massa equivalente del black carbon e coefficiente di assorbimento - Coefficiente di scattering dell’aerosol a tre lunghezze d’onda - Conteggio integrato delle particelle di aerosol (a partire da 4μm di diametro) The Environmental-Climatic Observatory Capo Granitola is located at the Torretta Granitola coastal site (12 km from Mazzara del Vallo and 65 km south-east from Marettimo), within the CNR -IAMC campus. At this Observatory continuous (24/24 and 7/7) atmospheric compoisition measurements are carried out: it is well representative of the western Sicily/central Mediterranean basin conditions. Capo Granitola I-AMICA ISAC1 The Observatory is located at the coast-line towards the Strait of Sicily: it is able to catch information about the background conditions of the Mediterranean basin, besides providing useful hints to investigate the influence of specific atmospheric processes (e.g., long-rage air-mass transport, mineral dust emitted from northern Africa, anthropogenic ship emissions) on the variability of trace gases and aerosol. In the framework of I-AMICA, the following measurement programmes have been activated: - Meteo parameters and solar radiation - Surface ozone and sulphur dioxide - Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane - Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) - Aerosol number size distribution (particles from 280 nm to 10 micron) - Aerosol mass (PM2.5 and PM10) - Equivalent black carbon concentration and aerosol absorption coefficient - Aerosol scattering coefficient at three wavelenghts - Integrated aerosol particle counting (for particles with 4μm lowest diameter)

Geographical Coordinates: - Latitude: 38°52'34.71" N - Longitude: 16°13'56.00" E The station of Lamezia Terme CNR-ISAC is located in a remote position, 500 m from the coastline on a wide plain of Lamezia Terme, at the mouth of the only valley in Calabria that connects the Tyrrhenian Sea with the Ionian Sea. ISACis located at LAMEC, "Laboratory of Meteorology and Climatology " of CRATI SCRL, "Consortium for Research and Applications of Innovative Technologies," in which the CNR is one of the partners . Into the 15 to the Core Industrial Lamezia Terme consists of approximately 1200 square meters of studies and workshops and about 1500 square meters of shared experimental field . In this laboratory is also the Computing Center . The integration of researchers with different expertise since 2005 orients the research of meteorology and atmospheric physics in different sectors , in particular, at this infrastructure CNR were developed and integrated macro- skills around two main activities: the experimental activity with the development of the experimental basis of Lamezia Terme and meteorological modeling , including the operational aspects and performance verification . The experimental field of Lamezia Terme , has a total instrumental discerned , detailed later , and is located in a strategic position being situated at 500 m from the coast in a complex orographic peninsula where the sea breezes and land breezes interact with downstream and upstream and circulations with synoptic-scale generating complex circulation systems. The complexity and the variety of phenomena that occur on the experimental site also allows to study and characterize different " types" of atmospheric circulation that occur in other areas of the regions of Convergences . In particular, the convergence of breezes during the day within the valley ( in the region ) or the mountains , which sometimes creates heavy rainfall in the interior, can 'cause the wet deposition of pollutants possible ; recirculation and / or stagnation of pollutants and dust thin or volcanic buildup on certain parts of the territory and therefore in the interiors of homes, offices and public places and dry deposition on the ground and then on crops and groundwater . Currently , the experimental field of Lamezia Terme plays a very important role for the verification of meteorological models high spatio-temporal resolution and the data assimilation , as well as for the development of new physical parameterizations able to describe atmospheric processes . Through the implementation of the instrumental set-up currently exists through the installation of new gas analyzers into tracks and physico-chemical properties of the aerosol, a system for profiling atmospheric and new infrastructure of monitoring , it may be a fully-fledged key point for monitoring the variability of climate-altering compounds and chemistry of the atmosphere in the "Regioni di Convergenza".

Remote sensing instrumentation• Mini- sodar Triaxial , In-house ISAC . Acoustic survey device for continuous measurement and real-time vertical profiles of wind at high altitude up to 120 m from the surface.• Mini phased array sodar , METEK . Acoustic survey device for continuous and real-time measurements of turbulence and vertical profiles of wind at high altitude up to 350 m from the surface.• Wind profiler and RASSVAISALA LAPX 3000 . Doppler radar integrated with an apparatus for radio -acoustic survey for continuous measurement and real-time vertical profiles of wind and temperature at high altitude up to 3000 m.• Receiving Station Meteosat / MSG . Depending on the satellite radiometers are 12 for the different spectral bands of the IR , VIS and MW . The images have a resolution of 3712 x 3712 pixels , with definition of about 3 km per pixel , updated every 15 minutes.

Gli ossidi di azoto (NOx=NO+NO2) sono misurati utilizzando un analizzatore a chemioluminescenza (Thermo 42i-TL), dotato di convertitore al molibdeno per la determinazione della NO2. A regime, ogni 24 ore viene eseguito un controllo di zero per la NO usando un generatore di aria zero e diluendo una miscela certificata di NO. In futuro la tecnica della GPT verrà utilizzata per verificare l’efficienza del convertitore di NO2. Instrument (Thermo 42iTL) is connected by a Teflon pipe (OD: ¼”) to the air intake manifold. Antiparticulate filter (Teflon material) are present at the instrument inlet (changed every 30 days). Currently only zero check are performed at the station by using an external zero air generator (Thermo 1160). A gas dilution/GPT system is available at the station (Thermo 160i). Once the implementation phase will be ended, this system will be used for executing every 48h span and zero checks for NO, as well as GPT test for evaluating the NO2 -> NO converter efficiency. A substitution of the analyser Molybdenum converter with a photolytic converter (e.g. BLC) is foreseen. Data are recorded on a 1-minute basis by a station server and delivered in NRT mode to ISAC-CNR HQs in Bologna for publication on the web (http://www.i-amica.it/i-amica/?page_id=868). Information about instrument functioning and intervention are stored within an e-logbook. Instrument manual are present at the station. SOP are extracted by the ACTRIS “Draft for standardized operating procedures (SOPs) for NOxy measurements (Version: 2012/04/02)”

Black carbon was measured from July 2005 till February 2007 by using a Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP). Starting from April 2007, black carbon is measured by a Multi Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP, Model 5012 – Thermo Electron Corporation).

The station is equipped with a probe Temperature and Relative Humidity (Rotronic MP101A-T4-W4W ).

The station is equipped with a probe Temperature and Relative Humidity ( Rotronic MP101A-T4-W4W ).

The station is equipped with a probe Temperature and Relative Humidity (Rotronic MP101A-T4-W4W ).

Measurements of trace gas concentration carbon monoxide (CO) by using a customized Gas Chromotograph-RGB. Measurements started on Jan 2007 with a modified version of a commercial RGD2-Trace Analytical analyser. Measurements ended on March 2010.