In the framework of SHARE project, in June 2012 the Portella Climate Observatory (OCP) has been installed at 2.401 m a.s.l on Mt. Portella in the Gran Sasso chain in collaboration with University of L’Aquila – CETMPS. OCP is the highest mountain station of the Apennines, near the Calderone glacier (the southernmost of Europe). It is a strategic site to observe the chemical, physical and climatological changes of the atmosphere in the Mediterranean basin. Geografical coordinates: Latitude: 42°26'52.96" N Longitude: 13°33'02.41" E Elevation: 2.401 m a.s.l.

The USH-8 Ultrasonic Snow Depth Sensor by SOMMER is ideal for the reliable measurement of snow-depth in extreme conditions. The sensor’s principle of measurement deals with the transit-time measurement of an ultrasonic pulse. The sensor transmits several energy-charged pulses to the snow cover and subsequently receives its reflected signals. Based upon the required transit time of the ultrasonic signals, the USH-8 sensor calculates the current snow depth. The processing time of the ultrasonic pulses here is enormously influenced by the air temperature. For this reason, the snow depth sensor also possesses integrated temperature compensation. This takes into account the influence of the air temperature on the processing time of the ultrasonic signals, in the calculation of the snow depth. The calculation takes place in the sensor, so that the output signal provides the already converted snow depth. USH-8 Specifications: Snow Depth Measurement Range of measurement: 0 to 8 m Minimum distance to the maximum expected snow depth: 1 m Accuracy: 0,1 % (FS) Resolution 1 mm Principle of measurement: Ultrasonic (Frequency 50 kHz; Angle of reflected beam 12°) Integrated Compensation of the Air Temperature Temperature sensor: Integrated air-temperature sensor in self-venting radiation shield Range of measurement: -35 to 60 °C Resolution: 0,1 °C Non-linearity: ? 0,15 % Interfaces Analogue: Snow depth measurement 0/4 - 20 mA signal (configurable) Resolution: 12 Bit Max. load: 300 ? Digital: Snow depth measurement; air temperature; quality flag RS 232; serial interface Protocol: Various ASCII formats

The Concordia AWS was installed in 2011 at Concordia (4700 m a.s.l.), in one of most impressive glacier basin in the world: the Baltoro. The glaciers flowing from K2, Broad Peak, and Gasherbrum I and II plus many others are joining in Concordia and flowing out to the Baltoro glacier for 60 km in total. Geografical coordinates: Latitude: 35°44'38.98"N Longitude: 76°30'49.71"E Elevation: 4700 m a.s.l.

The Vaisala Weather Transmitter WXT520 measures 6 most essential weather parameters as WXT510 Specifications: Low power consumption - works also with solar panels Compact, light-weight Easy to install No moving parts Vaisala Configuration Tool for PC USB connection Housing with mounting kit IP66 Applications: weather stations, dense networks, harbors, marinas

The Model 205 Ozone Monitor makes use of two detection cells to improve precision, baseline stability and response time. In the Dual Beam instrument, UV light intensity measurements Io (ozone-scrubbed air) and I (unscrubbed air) are made simultaneously. Combined with other improvements, this made it possible to reduce the time between ozone measurements to 2 seconds, making our instrument the fastest UV-based ozone monitor on the market, while still retaining the small size, weight and power requirements of our popular Model 202 Ozone Monitor.

Pakistan, which is characterized by the most developed irrigation system in the world for arid and semi-arid soils already subject to saturation and salinization, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of aerosols including climate change impacts. Its fragile watersheds will be at additional risk if rainfalls, although more sporadic, become increasingly intense, causing an intensification of erosion in the western Himalayas. Within the framework of ABC, SHARE and NEXTDATA it is proposed to set up an aerosol observatory in Karakoram, Pakistan. The rEMOTE cLIMATE sTATION (rcs) in Deosai is extremely important for understanding environmental changes and impacts at local levels in the Karakoram Mountain regions as well as at regional and global levels, furthermore, together with the station Nepal Climate Observatory at Pyramid (NCO-P), installed in Nepal near the Pyramid Laboratory-Observatory at 5,079 m asl and operative since 2006, are the unique high altitude observatories of the ABC network, representative of atmospheric background conditions. Coordinates: Latitude: 35° 04' 48.88" N Longitude: 75° 31'48.28" E Elevation: 4.135 m a.s.l.

OPC installed on RCS in Deosai is manufactered by FAI. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS - Characterization of the temporal trends of the particulate matter granulometric distribution as a support and integration to information about air quality Real-time estimation of the PM1, PM2.5, PM10, TPS mass concentration of the airborne particulate matter Main features - Measurement principle: laser scattering on elliptical mirror - Optical channels: 8 optical channels with thresholds having lower limits [µm]: 0.28, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 - Sampling type: The instrument gives counts per minute, or counts per liter for each optical channel Dimensional sensitivity: 0.28 µm (50 ± 10% count efficiency)