The DQA035 Lsi-Lastem rain gauge is mounted on a 1,5 m mast. This model of Rain gauge has a 1.000 cmq collector area. The measurement device is composed of a collector cone and a double chamber bascule connected to a magnete that operates one (optional two) reed switch, which generates impulses that can be counted by external meters: each impulse is equal to 0.2 mm of rain (optional from 0.1 to 0.5 mm). The mechanical and electrical specifications are: - Collector surface area: 1000 cmq - Collector area diameter: 420 mm - Measurements range: 180 mm/hr - Resolution: o,2 mm/imp. (opt. 0,1; 0,3; 0,4; 0,5; mm/imp.) - Accuracy: 0-1 mm/min: 1% 1-3 mm/min: 2% 3-5 mm/min: 4% 5-10 mm/min: 8% - Contact: 1 reed (opt. N.2 reed) 0,5 A/24V non inductive - Pulse duration: 100 msec.± 5 - Collector cone material: Brass - External housing material: Inox AISI30 - Tipping bucket material: Alluminium - Cable: 10 m - Weight: 6,3 kg - Power supply: /thermocover 100 W, 24 Vca/Va

The DMA570 Lsi-Lastem Thermohygrometer is mounted on a 2 m pole. It is a probe for measuring air temperature and air relative humidity with replaceable sensitive element for simplify calibration and maintenance. LSI-Lastem supplies a precise and reliable set of probes, suitable for a continuous measurement in severe environments, in presence of deep thermal and hygrometric ranges with high sun radiant heat. An important feature of this set of sensor is that the thermohygrometric sensitive element is easily replaceable, in order to have a simple and rapid ordinary maintenance and avoiding calibration. The Thermohygrometer has supported a considerable improvement, owing to a deep technical and styling development process: a fan ensures a continuos air change around the sensor in order to eliminate temperature fault caused by radiant heat. Technical Characteristics: For temperature: Range -30.+70°C Sensitive element Pt100 1/3 DIN-B Accuracy ± 0,1°C (0°C) Hysteresis&Repeatability na Resolution 0,025°C Long term stability -0.04% (after 5 years at 200°C) Calibration uncertainty 0,1°C Response time (T63) Wind speed 0,3-0,5 m/s: 80sec Radiation shield efficiency with respect to forced ventilation sensor (wind 0,5m/s, rad.800 W/m2): +0,6°C For relative humidity: Range: Nom.0..100%, Eff.10..98% Sensitive element Capacitive Accuracy 2,5% (11-90%) 0,6°C (20°C, 50%RH) Hysteresis&Repeatability 0,5% Resolution 0,2% Long term stability -2%/year (at 75%RH) n.a. Calibration uncertainty 0,1°C 1,5% na Response time (T63) Wind speed 0,3-0,5 m/s: 80sec Radiation shield efficiency with respect to forced ventilation sensor (wind 0,5m/s, rad.800 W/m2): n.a. General characteristic: Ventilation: Natural Electric output Jumper locally selectable 2 x 0-20 mA, 4-20 mA, 0-5 V, 1-5 V. 60-300 mV Output signals Output n.1: temperature. Output n.2: RH% or dew point (default RH%) Operating temperature -30°+70°C Sampling rate 1 sec. (default) PC programmable 1..300 sec. N°acquisitions for mobile average calculation: N°1 (default), PC programmable 1..20 acquisitions Load resistance (mA output): DMA570 300 Ohm

Pakistan, which is characterized by the most developed irrigation system in the world for arid and semi-arid soils already subject to saturation and salinization, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of aerosols including climate change impacts. Its fragile watersheds will be at additional risk if rainfalls, although more sporadic, become increasingly intense, causing an intensification of erosion in the western Himalayas. Within the framework of ABC, SHARE and NEXTDATA it is proposed to set up an aerosol observatory in Karakoram, Pakistan. The rEMOTE cLIMATE sTATION (rcs) in Deosai is extremely important for understanding environmental changes and impacts at local levels in the Karakoram Mountain regions as well as at regional and global levels, furthermore, together with the station Nepal Climate Observatory at Pyramid (NCO-P), installed in Nepal near the Pyramid Laboratory-Observatory at 5,079 m asl and operative since 2006, are the unique high altitude observatories of the ABC network, representative of atmospheric background conditions. Coordinates: Latitude: 35° 04' 48.88" N Longitude: 75° 31'48.28" E Elevation: 4.135 m a.s.l.

The OPC, manifactured by FAI, permit a - Characterization of the temporal trends of the particulate matter granulometric distribution as a support and integration to information about air quality - Real-time estimation of the PM1, PM2.5, PM10, TPS mass concentration of the airborne particulate matter. Main features - Measurement principle: laser scattering on elliptical mirror - Optical channels: 8 optical channels with thresholds having lower limits [µm]: 0.28, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 - Sampling type: The instrument gives counts per minute, or counts per liter for each optical channel - Dimensional sensitivity: 0.28 µm (50 ± 10% count efficiency)