The SR50 is a rugged, acoustic distance sensor that is manufactured by Campbell Scientific (Canada) Corp. It measures the elapsed time between emission and return of an ultrasonic pulse. This measurement can be used to determine snow or water depth. An air temperature measurement is required to correct for variations of the speed of sound in air. The SR50 was designed to meet the stringent requirements of measuring depths and uses a multiple echo processing algorithm to help ensure measurement reliability. Technical characteristics: - Emits acoustic pulse and measures travel time; air temperature measurement required - Measurement range 0.5 to 10 m (1.6 to 32.8 ft) - Accuracy ±1.0 cm (±0.4 in) or ±0.4% of distance to target whichever is greater - Measures water level or snow depth - Manufactured by Campbell Scientific (Canada) Corp.

The CNR1 net radiometer by Kipp & Zonen is for applications requiring research-grade performance. The radiometer measures the energy balance between incoming short-wave and long-wave IR radiation versus surface-reflected short-wave and outgoing long-wave IR radiation. The CNR1 consists of a pyranometer and pyrgeometer pair that faces upward and a complementary pair that faces downward. The pyranometers and pyrgeometers measure short-wave and far infrared radiation, respectively. The CNR1 also includes an RTD to measure the radiometer’s internal temperature and a heater that can be used to prevent condensation. CNR1 Specifications Sensors: Kipp & Zonen’s CM3 ISO-class, thermopile pyranometer, CG3 pyrgeometer, PT100 RTD Spectral Response -Pyranometer: 305 to 2800 nm -Pyrgeometer: 5000 to 50,000 nm Response Time: 18 seconds Sensitivity Range: 7 to 15 ?V W-1 m2 Output Range -Pyranometer: 0 to 25 mV -Pyrgeometer: ±5 mV Expected Accuracy for Daily Totals: ±10% Directional Error: <25 W m-2 (pyranometer) Heating Resistor: 24 Ohms, 6 W at 12 Vdc

The DMA572 Thermohygrometer by Lsi-Lastem was installed in 2007 on Bianco station. It is a probe for measuring air temperature and air relative humidity with replaceable sensitive element for simplify calibration and maintenance. LSI-Lastem supplies a precise and reliable set of probes, suitable for a continuous measurement in severe environments, in presence of deep thermal and hygrometric ranges with high sun radiant heat. An important feature of this set of sensor is that the thermohygrometric sensitive element is easily replaceable, in order to have a simple and rapid ordinary maintenance and avoiding calibration. The Thermohygrometer has supported a considerable improvement, owing to a deep technical and styling development process: a fan ensures a continuous air change around the sensor in order to eliminate temperature fault caused by radiant heat. DMA572 Specifications: -Power supply: 10 – 14 Vdc -Power consumption: 2 mA - R Load Max (mA output) : CE compliance : EMC standard EN50081-1, EN50082-1 - Electric protections: tranzorb, on outputs and power supply - Housing: alluminium - Weight (cable attached): 440g - Connection cable: L. 5 m Temperature -Range: -30÷70°C, -50÷50°C, 0÷100°C -Sensitive element: Pt 100 1/3 DIN-B -Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector - Accuracy (repeatability+hysteresis): ± 0,1°C (0°C) - Electronic accuracy: ± 0,15°C - Operating temperature: -40°÷95° - Output: Pt100 (Ohm) Relative Humidity - Range : 0÷100% - Sensitive element: Capacitative - Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector - Resolution: 0,12% - Long term stability: <1% year - Temperature dependence (+6+45°C/ 11-90% RH): ± 1,5 % - Operating temperature: -40° ÷95° Output: 0÷1V

The DMA572 Thermohygrometer by Lsi-Lastem was installed on 2007 on Dosdè station. It is a probe for measuring air temperature and air relative humidity with replaceable sensitive element for simplify calibration and maintenance. LSI-Lastem supplies a precise and reliable set of probes, suitable for a continuous measurement in severe environments, in presence of deep thermal and hygrometric ranges with high sun radiant heat. An important feature of this set of sensor is that the thermohygrometric sensitive element is easily replaceable, in order to have a simple and rapid ordinary maintenance and avoiding calibration. The Thermohygrometer has supported a considerable improvement, owing to a deep technical and styling development process: a fan ensures a continuous air change around the sensor in order to eliminate temperature fault caused by radiant heat. DMA572 Specifications: Power supply: 10 – 14 Vdc Power consumption: 2 mA R Load Max (mA output) : CE compliance : EMC standard EN50081-1, EN50082-1 Electric protections: tranzorb, on outputs and power supply Housing: alluminium Weight (cable attached): 440g Connection cable: L. 5 m Temperature Range: -30÷70°C, -50÷50°C, 0÷100°C Sensitive element: Pt 100 1/3 DIN-B Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector Accuracy (repeatability+hysteresis): ± 0,1°C (0°C) Electronic accuracy: ± 0,15°C Operating temperature: -40°÷95° Output: Pt100 (Ohm) Relative Humidity Range : 0÷100% Sensitive element: Capacitative Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector Accuracy (repeatability+hysteresis): 1,5% (5÷95%, 23°C) * 2% (<5>95%, 23°C) * Resolution: 0,12% Long term stability: <1% year Temperature dependence (+6+45°C/ 11-90% RH): ± 1,5 % Operating temperature: -40° ÷95° Output: 0÷1V

The DMA572 Thermohygrometer by Lsi-Lastem was installed on 2007 on Dosdè station. It is a probe for measuring air temperature and air relative humidity with replaceable sensitive element for simplify calibration and maintenance. LSI-Lastem supplies a precise and reliable set of probes, suitable for a continuous measurement in severe environments, in presence of deep thermal and hygrometric ranges with high sun radiant heat. An important feature of this set of sensor is that the thermohygrometric sensitive element is easily replaceable, in order to have a simple and rapid ordinary maintenance and avoiding calibration. The Thermohygrometer has supported a considerable improvement, owing to a deep technical and styling development process: a fan ensures a continuous air change around the sensor in order to eliminate temperature fault caused by radiant heat. DMA572 Specifications: Power supply: 10 – 14 Vdc Power consumption: 2 mA R Load Max (mA output) : CE compliance : EMC standard EN50081-1, EN50082-1 Electric protections: tranzorb, on outputs and power supply Housing: alluminium Weight (cable attached): 440g Connection cable: L. 5 m Temperature Range: -30÷70°C, -50÷50°C, 0÷100°C Sensitive element: Pt 100 1/3 DIN-B Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector Accuracy (repeatability+hysteresis): ± 0,1°C (0°C) Electronic accuracy: ± 0,15°C Operating temperature: -40°÷95° Output: Pt100 (Ohm) Relative Humidity Range : 0÷100% Sensitive element: Capacitative Sensitive element replacement: ML3021 Plug-in by connector Accuracy (repeatability+hysteresis): 1,5% (5÷95%, 23°C) * 2% (<5>95%, 23°C) * Resolution: 0,12% Long term stability: <1% year Temperature dependence (+6+45°C/ 11-90% RH): ± 1,5 % Operating temperature: -40° ÷95° Output: 0÷1V

The DQA240 model is a sensor manifactured by LSI-Lastem (Italy), has been installed in 2005 on Mte Bianco station. This instrument permit to measure atmospheric pressure. Technical characteristics: - range: 800-1100 hPa - effect of thermal: 0.1hPa/°C - maximum pressure limit: 2000 hPa - Load resistance: >100kOhm - weight: 130 gr