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Monte Cimone
7 record(s)
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An integrated weather station IRDAM WST700 measures meteorological data. The WST7000C weather sensor is a sturdy and compact, automatic instrument, without any moving part. The weather sensor and data acquisition processor are integrated in an easy to use unit. The IRDAM way of measuring wind speed and wind direction by using the technology of thermal field variation is well tested. It detects the variations of thermal field induced by the wind hitting a heated cylinder. The sensor WST7000C is a high precision instrument which responds quickly to the variations of wind, even at very low speeds. It is corrosion proof and maintenance free.
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From 1996, a UV-absorption analyser (Dasibi 1108 W-GEN) is used to measure surface ozone with an accuracy of better than 5% and one minute time resolution.
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The Condensation Particle Counter (TSI model 3772) was installed at ICO-OV in March 2008, calibrated from TSI Laboratories. Once per year the instrument is used for a multi-ay intercomparison with the CPC running at the "Nepal Climate Observatory - Pyramid" GAW global station.
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Global solar radiation (wavelength: 350 – 1100 nm) is measured by a silicon cell pyranometer (Skye SKS110).
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A Gas-Chromatograph equipped with an RGD detector to measure carbon monoxide (CO). Measurements started on Jan 2007 with a modified version of a commercial RGD2-Trace Analytical analyser. Measurements ended in March 2010.
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Wind speed and direction measurements are carried out by the Vaisala WS425 ultrasonic anemometer.
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High altitude mountaintop observatories provide the opportunity to study aerosol properties in the free troposphere without the added expense and difficulty of making airborne measurements. Over the last several decades the number of mountaintop observatories continuously measuring in-situ aerosol radiative properties has increased significantly from a single station (Mauna Loa, USA) in the 1970's to at least ten observatories actively making these measurements today. By taking this data set as a whole and developing a self-consistent climatology, the combined observatory measurements of free tropospheric aerosol radiative properties have the potential to contribute to aerosol-climate research in a way that far exceeds the contribution from individual observatories. For example, this type of analysis may help constrain chemical transport models, validate satellite measurements, and quantify the influence of smoke and dust episodes on free troposphere aerosol properties. Here we present statistics of means, variability, and trends of aerosol radiative properties, including light scattering, light absorption, light extinction, single scattering albedo, Ångström exponent, hemispheric backscatter fraction and radiative forcing efficiency, from various high altitude measurements. These climatologies utilize data from ten mountaintop observatories in the 20-50ºN latitude band: Mauna Loa, USA; Lulin Mountain, Taiwan; Pyramid, Nepal; Izaña, Spain; Mount Waliguan, China; Beo Moussala, Bulgaria; Mount Bachelor, USA; Monte Cimone, Italy; Jungfraujoch, Switzerland; Whistler Mountain, Canada. Results are also included from two multi-year, in-situ aerosol vertical profiling programs: Southern Great Plains, USA and Bondville, USA. Using this cloud- and boundary layer contamination- screened data set we address the following questions: (1) What are the similarities and differences in the means, variability and trends of free-tropospheric aerosol radiative properties at a wide range of locations? (2) What is the relative importance of aerosol amount and aerosol optical properties for direct radiative forcing calculations? Delene and Ogren (2002) showed that the amount of aerosol was of primary importance while the aerosol optical properties were of secondary importance to direct radiative forcing calculations for the four boundary layer sites they studied. (3) How do these in-situ climatologies of free tropospheric light extinction compare to the satellite-derived climatologies presented by Kent et al., 1998? (4) Do aerosol events (e.g., smoke transport) have a significant influence on climatological values?