From an environmental point of view, mountains are particularly sensitive and important for monitoring the state of health of our planet. Only through distribution of meteorological climatological and atmospheric composition monitoring points in mountain regions, coupled with modeling simulations will we be able to thoroughly analyze complex pollutant transport mechanisms and better understand imminent global changes. The Himalaya–Karakoram Range, because of its elevation and geographic location, represents one of the ideal places for studying long-range pollutant transport systems on a regional scale and for monitoring changes induced by mechanisms that act on a global scale through monsoon circulation. The Ev–K2–CNR promotes interdisciplinary remote-area research in environmental and the earth sciences. Recently, it launched the project SHARE -Asia (Stations at High Altitude for Research on the Environment in Asia) for development of an integrated system of measurements that will contribute to increasing general scientific knowledge on climatic and pollution related processes while helping build local capacity for monitoring the relevant phenomena. SHARE – Asia currently includes the Pyramid Meteo Network (PMN), a climate monitoring network founded in 1994 by the Ev–K2–CNR, comprising six stations installed in Nepal’s Sagarmatha National Park (SNP), and two stations in Pakistan on the Baltoro Glacier. The meeting that generated the papers in this volume was held in Rome on 16–17 November 2005. It was organized by the Ev–K2–CNR and promoted by theItalian National Research Council (CNR) in collaboration with the Italian National Mountain Institute (IMONT). The purpose of the meeting and this book is to highlight the uniqueness of the scientiphic work of Ev–K2–CNR in important international projects like Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP), Atmospheric Brown Clouds (ABC), International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC), Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW), and Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS). The Ev–K2–CNR thus aims to create a unique opportunity for dialogue between major environmental scientists and experts, highlighting the close relationship between diverse themes with a common thread: in-depth comprehension of the environmental phenomena that are determining the health of our planet.