Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates
Ground-based in situ measurements of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH3CHF2) which is regulated under the Kyoto Protocol are reported under the auspices of the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment) and SOGE (System of Observation of halogenated Greenhouse gases in Europe) programs. Observations of HFC-152a at five locations (four European and one Australian) over a 10 year period were recorded. The annual average growth rate of HFC-152a in the midlatitude Northern Hemisphere has risen from 0.11 ppt/yr to 0.6 ppt/yr from 1994 to 2004. The Southern Hemisphere annual average growth rate has risen from 0.09 ppt/yr to 0.4 ppt/yr from 1998 to 2004. The 2004 average mixing ratio for HFC-152a was 5.0 ppt and 1.8 ppt in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, respectively. The annual cycle observed for this species in both hemispheres is approximately consistent with measured annual cycles at the same locations in other gases which are destroyed by OH. Yearly global emissions of HFC-152a from 1994 to 2004 are derived using the global mean HFC-152a observations and a 12-box 2-D model. The global emission of HFC-152a has risen from 7 Kt/yr to 28 Kt/yr from 1995 to 2004. On the basis of observations of above-baseline elevations in the HFC-152a record and a consumption model, regional emission estimates for Europe and Australia are calculated, indicating accelerating emissions from Europe since 2000. The overall European emission in 2004 ranges from 1.5 to 4.0 Kt/year, 5–15% of global emissions for 1,1-difluoroethane, while the Australian contribution is negligible at 5–10 tonnes/year, <0.05% of global emissions.
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Citation proposal
Brian Greally (University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,) - Alistair Manning (Met Office,Exeter) - Stefan Reimann (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)) - A. McCulloch (University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,) - Jin Huang (Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT,) - Bronwyn L. Dunse (CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research) - Peter G. Simmonds (School of Chemistry University of Bristol) - Ronald G. Prinn (Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT) - Paul J. B. Fraser (CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research) - Derek M.Cunnold (School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology) - Simon O'Doherty (School of Chemistry, University of Bristol) - L. W. Porter (Bureau of Meteorology, Smithton) - Konrad Stemmler (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)) - Martin K. Vollmer (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)) - Chris Lunder (Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)) - Norbert Schmidbauer (Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)) - Ove Hermansen (Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway) - Jgor Arduini (The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute) - Peter Salameh (Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD) - Paul Krummel (CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research) - Hsiang J. (Ray) Wang (School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology) - Doris Folini (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA)) - Ray F. Weiss (Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD) - Michela Maione (The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute) - Graham Nickless (School of Chemistry, University of Bristol) - Frode Stordal (Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)) - R. G. Derwent (rdscientifi) (2007) . Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates. American Geophysical Union (AGU) https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/a7a63006-b6b4-4ca5-bca9-3b30283d0ace |
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- emission estimates , hydrofluorocarbon HFC-152a , trends
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- AGAGE , SOGE
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"Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates"
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, D06308, 18 PP., 2007.
Greally, B.R., Manning, A.J., Reimann, S., McCulloch, A., Huang, J., Dunse, B.L., Simmonds, P.G., Prinn, R.G., Fraser, P.J., Cunnold, D.M., O’Doherty, S., Porter, L.W., Stemmler, K., Vollmer, M.K., Lunder, C.R., Schmidbauer, N., Hermansen, O., Arduini, J., Salameh, P.K., Krummel, P.B., Wang, R.H.J., Folini, D., Weiss, R.F., Maione, M., Nickless, G., Stordal, F., Derwent, R.G.
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- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,
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- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- stefan.reimann@empa.ch
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- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,
- Mcculloch@bristol.ac.uk
- Organisation name
- Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT,
- jhuang@mit.edu
- Organisation name
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
- bronwyn.dunse@csiro.au
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- School of Chemistry University of Bristol
- petergsimmonds@aol.com
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- Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT
- rprinn@mit.edu
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- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
- paul.fraser@csiro.au
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- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
- cunnold@eas.gatech.edu
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- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol
- s.odoherty@bristol.ac.uk
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- Bureau of Meteorology, Smithton
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- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- konrad.stemmler@psi.ch
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- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- martin.vollmer@empa.ch
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- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
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- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
- ns@nilu.no
- Organisation name
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
- Ove.Hermansen@nilu.no
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- The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute
- j.arduini@uniurb.it
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- Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD
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- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
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- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology
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- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA)
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- Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD
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- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
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- rdscientifi
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- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,
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- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- stefan.reimann@empa.ch
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- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry,
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- Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT,
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- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
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- School of Chemistry University of Bristol
- petergsimmonds@aol.com
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- Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT
- rprinn@mit.edu
- Organisation name
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
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- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
- cunnold@eas.gatech.edu
- Organisation name
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol
- s.odoherty@bristol.ac.uk
- Organisation name
- Bureau of Meteorology, Smithton
- Organisation name
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- konrad.stemmler@psi.ch
- Organisation name
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA)
- martin.vollmer@empa.ch
- Organisation name
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
- chris.lunder@nilu.no
- Organisation name
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
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- Organisation name
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway
- Ove.Hermansen@nilu.no
- Organisation name
- The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute
- j.arduini@uniurb.it
- Organisation name
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD
- psalameh@ucsd.edu
- Organisation name
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
- paul.krummel@csiro.au
- Organisation name
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology
- raywang@eas.gatech.edu
- Organisation name
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA)
- doris.folini@empa.ch
- Organisation name
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD
- fw@gaslab.ucsd.edu
- Organisation name
- The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute
- michela.maione@uniurb.it
- Organisation name
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol
- Organisation name
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU)
- Frode.Stordal@nilu.no
- Organisation name
- rdscientifi
- Organisation name
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- service@agu.org
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