a7a63006-b6b4-4ca5-bca9-3b30283d0ace eng Ev-K2-CNR +39 035 3230511 +39 035 3230551 Via San Bernardino 145 Bergamo BG 24126 Italy metadata@evk2cnr.org http://www.evk2cnr.org/ 2012-03-09T21:54:53 ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates 2007-03-28T00:00:00 JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112 D06308 18 PP JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, D06308, 18 PP., 2007 Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 112, Issue D6, CiteID D06308 0148-0227 Ground-based in situ measurements of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH3CHF2) which is regulated under the Kyoto Protocol are reported under the auspices of the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment) and SOGE (System of Observation of halogenated Greenhouse gases in Europe) programs. Observations of HFC-152a at five locations (four European and one Australian) over a 10 year period were recorded. The annual average growth rate of HFC-152a in the midlatitude Northern Hemisphere has risen from 0.11 ppt/yr to 0.6 ppt/yr from 1994 to 2004. The Southern Hemisphere annual average growth rate has risen from 0.09 ppt/yr to 0.4 ppt/yr from 1998 to 2004. The 2004 average mixing ratio for HFC-152a was 5.0 ppt and 1.8 ppt in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, respectively. The annual cycle observed for this species in both hemispheres is approximately consistent with measured annual cycles at the same locations in other gases which are destroyed by OH. Yearly global emissions of HFC-152a from 1994 to 2004 are derived using the global mean HFC-152a observations and a 12-box 2-D model. The global emission of HFC-152a has risen from 7 Kt/yr to 28 Kt/yr from 1995 to 2004. On the basis of observations of above-baseline elevations in the HFC-152a record and a consumption model, regional emission estimates for Europe and Australia are calculated, indicating accelerating emissions from Europe since 2000. The overall European emission in 2004 ranges from 1.5 to 4.0 Kt/year, 5–15% of global emissions for 1,1-difluoroethane, while the Australian contribution is negligible at 5–10 tonnes/year, <0.05% of global emissions. Brian Greally University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, +44 01179289186 +44 01179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom brian.greally@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/acrg-test/people/greally.shtml WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Alistair Manning Met Office,Exeter FitzRoy Road Exeter EX1 3PB United Kingdom alistair.manning@metoffice.gov.uk http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/people/alistair-manning WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Stefan Reimann Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 0587654638 +41 0587661122 Überlandstrasse 129 Düebendrof ZH CH-8600 Switzerland stefan.reimann@empa.ch www.empa.ch WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners A. McCulloch University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom Mcculloch@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Jin Huang Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT, +1 6172536783 +1 6172530354 Bldg. 54-1414 Cambridge Massachusetts MA 02139-2307 United States of America jhuang@mit.edu web.mit.edu/ Bronwyn L. Dunse CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394617 +61 3 92394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia bronwyn.dunse@csiro.au http://www.cmar.csiro.au Peter G. Simmonds School of Chemistry University of Bristol +44 01179289186 +44 01179211820 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom petergsimmonds@aol.com http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Ronald G. Prinn Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT +1 6172532452 +1 6172530354 Bldg. 54-1312 Cambridge MA 02139-2307 United States of America rprinn@mit.edu web.mit.edu/ Paul J. B. Fraser CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394613 +61 3 92394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia paul.fraser@csiro.au http://www.cmar.csiro.au WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Derek M.Cunnold School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30332-0340 United States of America cunnold@eas.gatech.edu http://www.eas.gatech.edu Simon O'Doherty School of Chemistry, University of Bristol +44 1179289186 +44 1179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom s.odoherty@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk L. W. Porter Bureau of Meteorology, Smithton Smithton Tasmania Australia http://www.bom.gov.au/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Konrad Stemmler Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) Überlandstrasse 129 Dubendorf ZH CH-8600 Switzerland konrad.stemmler@psi.ch www.empa.ch WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Martin K. Vollmer Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 587654242 Überlandstrasse 129 Duebendorf ZH CH-8600 martin.vollmer@empa.ch http://www.empa.ch/plugin/template/empa/357/*/---/l=/uacc=vmk134 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Chris Lunder Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +4763898209 +4763898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway chris.lunder@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Norbert Schmidbauer Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +47 63898215 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway norbert.schmidbauer@nilu.no ns@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ Ove Hermansen Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway +47 63898000 +47 99048965 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway Ove.Hermansen@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ Jgor Arduini The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722303316 +39 0722303311 Piazza Rinascimento 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy j.arduini@uniurb.it www.unirb.it Peter Salameh Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD +1 8585342599 +1 8584558306 La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America psalameh@ucsd.edu ucsd.edu/ Paul Krummel CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394568 +61 392394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia paul.krummel@csiro.au www.dar.csiro.au/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Hsiang J. (Ray) Wang School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology +1 4048943815 +1 4048945638 Atlanta GA 30332 United States of America raywang@eas.gatech.edu www.eas.gatech.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Doris Folini Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) +41 448234974 +41 448216244 Überlandstrasse 129 Dübendorf ZH CH-8600 Switzerland doris.folini@empa.ch http://www.empa.ch/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Ray F. Weiss Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD +1 8585342598 +1 8584558306 La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America fw@gaslab.ucsd.edu ucsd.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Michela Maione The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722303316 +39 0722303310 Piazza Rinascimento 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy michela.maione@uniurb.it www.unirb.it Graham Nickless School of Chemistry, University of Bristol +44 01179288180 +44 01179250612 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Arab Emirates grah.nickless@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/acrg-test/people/nickless.shtml Frode Stordal Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +47 63898175 +47 63898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2007 Norway Frode.Stordal@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ R. G. Derwent rdscientifi 18, Kingsland Grange Newbury Berkshire RG14 6LH United Kingdom r.derwent@btopenworld.com American Geophysical Union (AGU) +1 2024626900 +1 2023280566 2000 Florida Avenue N.W. Washington DC 20009-1277 United States of America service@agu.org http://www.agu.org https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/resources.get?uuid=a7a63006-b6b4-4ca5-bca9-3b30283d0ace&fname=mountain_witness__s.png thumbnail png SHARE emission estimates hydrofluorocarbon HFC-152a trends AGAGE SOGE eng climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment NaN NaN NaN NaN http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2007/2006JD007527.shtml WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Abstract:"Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates." "Observation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations 1994-2004 and derived Global and regional emission estimates" JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, D06308, 18 PP., 2007. Greally, B.R., Manning, A.J., Reimann, S., McCulloch, A., Huang, J., Dunse, B.L., Simmonds, P.G., Prinn, R.G., Fraser, P.J., Cunnold, D.M., O’Doherty, S., Porter, L.W., Stemmler, K., Vollmer, M.K., Lunder, C.R., Schmidbauer, N., Hermansen, O., Arduini, J., Salameh, P.K., Krummel, P.B., Wang, R.H.J., Folini, D., Weiss, R.F., Maione, M., Nickless, G., Stordal, F., Derwent, R.G.