Climatology of aerosol radiative properties in the free troposphere.
High altitude mountaintop observatories provide the opportunity to study aerosol properties in the free troposphere without the added expense and difficulty of making airborne measurements. Over the last several decades the number of mountaintop observatories continuously measuring in-situ aerosol radiative properties has increased significantly from a single station (Mauna Loa, USA) in the 1970's to at least ten observatories actively making these measurements today. By taking this data set as a whole and developing a self-consistent climatology, the combined observatory measurements of free tropospheric aerosol radiative properties have the potential to contribute to aerosol-climate research in a way that far exceeds the contribution from individual observatories. For example, this type of analysis may help constrain chemical transport models, validate satellite measurements, and quantify the influence of smoke and dust episodes on free troposphere aerosol properties. Here we present statistics of means, variability, and trends of aerosol radiative properties, including light scattering, light absorption, light extinction, single scattering albedo, Ångström exponent, hemispheric backscatter fraction and radiative forcing efficiency, from various high altitude measurements. These climatologies utilize data from ten mountaintop observatories in the 20-50ºN latitude band: Mauna Loa, USA; Lulin Mountain, Taiwan; Pyramid, Nepal; Izaña, Spain; Mount Waliguan, China; Beo Moussala, Bulgaria; Mount Bachelor, USA; Monte Cimone, Italy; Jungfraujoch, Switzerland; Whistler Mountain, Canada. Results are also included from two multi-year, in-situ aerosol vertical profiling programs: Southern Great Plains, USA and Bondville, USA. Using this cloud- and boundary layer contamination- screened data set we address the following questions:
(1) What are the similarities and differences in the means, variability and trends of free-tropospheric aerosol radiative properties at a wide range of locations?
(2) What is the relative importance of aerosol amount and aerosol optical properties for direct radiative forcing calculations? Delene and Ogren (2002) showed that the amount of aerosol was of primary importance while the aerosol optical properties were of secondary importance to direct radiative forcing calculations for the four boundary layer sites they studied.
(3) How do these in-situ climatologies of free tropospheric light extinction compare to the satellite-derived climatologies presented by Kent et al., 1998?
(4) Do aerosol events (e.g., smoke transport) have a significant influence on climatological values?
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Citation proposal
Paolo Bonasoni (Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR) - Paolo Laj (CNRS Laboratory of Meteorology Physics - Laboratory of Glaciology) - Elisabeth Andrews (ESRL, NOAA,) - John A. Ogren (ESRL, NOAA,) - Angela Marinoni (Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR) - Emilio Cuevas (Izaña Atmospheric Research Centre, AEMET) - Sergio Rodriguez (Izaña Atmospheric Research Centre, AEMET) - JunYing Sun (Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration) - Daniel Jaffe (University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric Sciences) - Urs Baltensperger (Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry) - Emily V. Fischer (Harvard University School of Engineering and Applied Sciences) - Ernest Weingartner (Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry,) - Martine Collaud Coen (Climate Division MeteoSchweiz) - Sangeeta Sharma (Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics) - AnneMarie Macdonald (Environment Canada) - W. Richard Leaitch (Environment Canada) - N.H. Lin (Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University,) - Jordan Stamenov (Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy) - Ivo Kalapov (Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) - Anne Jefferson (ESRL,NOAA) - Patrick Sheridan (ESRL,NOAA) (2011) . Climatology of aerosol radiative properties in the free troposphere.. Elsevier Science Publishing Company https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/80f7f1a2-52a3-4d40-8e63-252bda6fc83b |
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- aerosol radiative properties
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- free troposphere
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- climatology
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- High altitude mountain
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- Mauna Loa , Canada , Whistler Mountain , USA , Lulin Mountain , Taiwan , Nepal Climate Observatory - Pyramid , Izaña , Spain , Mount Waliguan , China , Beo Moussala , Bulgaria , Mount Bachelor , Monte Cimone , Italy , Jungfraujoch , Switzerland
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Climatology of aerosol radiative properties in the free troposphere Review Article
Atmospheric Research, Volume 102, Issue 4, December 2011, Pages 365-393
E. Andrews, J.A. Ogren, P. Bonasoni, A. Marinoni, E. Cuevas, S. Rodríguez, J.Y. Sun, D.A. Jaffe, E.V. Fischer, U. Baltensperger, E. Weingartner, M. Collaud Coen, S. Sharma, A.M. Macdonald, W.R. Leaitch, N.-H. Lin, P. Laj, T. Arsov, I. Kalapov, A. Jefferson, P. Sheridan
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- CNRS Laboratory of Meteorology Physics - Laboratory of Glaciology
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- ESRL, NOAA,
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- John.A.Ogren@noaa.gov
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- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR
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- Izaña Atmospheric Research Centre, AEMET
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- Izaña Atmospheric Research Centre, AEMET
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- Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration
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- University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric Sciences
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- Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration
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- ESRL,NOAA
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