a1f78238-cb81-4b13-b9de-974c1deb1d05 eng 2f8f7474-e97d-4ba4-bb6a-424b05b23adb Ev-K2-CNR +39 035 3230511 +39 035 3230551 Via San Bernardino 145 Bergamo BG 24126 Italy metadata@evk2cnr.org http://www.evk2cnr.org/ 2012-04-02T09:06:18 ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory – Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers ACP - Special Issue 2010-07-19T00:00:00 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10 Special Issue:" Atmospheric brown cloud in the Himalayas." 6603-6615 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 6603-6615, 2010 Special Issue"Atmospheric brown cloud in the Himalayas." 1680-7316 The possible minimal range of reduction in snow surface albedo due to dry deposition of black carbon (BC) in the pre-monsoon period (March–May) was estimated as a lower bound together with the estimation of its accuracy, based on atmospheric observations at the Nepal Climate Observatory – Pyramid (NCO-P) sited at 5079 m a.s.l. in the Himalayan region. A total BC deposition rate was estimated as 2.89 µg m-2 day -1 providing a total deposition of 266 µg m-2 for March–May at the site, based on a calculation with a minimal deposition velocity of (1.0×10 (-4) m s( -1)) with atmospheric data of equivalent BC concentration. Main BC size at NCO-P site was determined as 103.1–669.8 nm by correlation analyses between equivalent BC concentration and particulate size distributions in the atmosphere. The BC deposition from the size distribution data was also estimated. Itwas found that 8.7% of the estimated dry deposition corresponds to the estimated BC deposition from equivalent BC concentration data. If all the BC is deposited uniformly on the top 2-cm pure snow, the corresponding BC concentration is 26.0–68.2 µg kg-1, assuming snow density variations of 195–512 kg m-3 of Yala Glacier close to NCO-P site. Such a concentration of BC in snow could result in 2.0–5.2% albedo reductions. By assuming these albedo reductions continue throughout the year, and then applying simple numerical experiments with a glacier mass balance model, we estimated reductions would lead to runoff increases of 70–204 mm of water. This runoff is the equivalent of 11.6–33.9% of the annual discharge of a typical Tibetan glacier. Our estimates of BC concentration in snow surface for pre-monsoon season is comparable to those at similar altitudes in the Himalayan region, where glaciers and perpetual snow regions begin, in the vicinity of NCO-P. Our estimates from only BC are likely to represent a lower bound for snow albedo reductions, because we used a fixed slower deposition velocity. In addition, we excluded the effects of atmospheric wind and turbulence, snow aging, dust deposition, and snow albedo feedbacks. This preliminary study represents the first investigation of BC deposition and related albedo on snow, using atmospheric aerosol data observed at the southern slope in the Himalayas. All the observed particle data, eqBCC, and meteorological data in the atmosphere were obtained at NCO-P site in the framework of the Ev-K2-CNR “SHARE-Asia” and UNEP “ABC” projects Copernicus GmbH (Copernicus Publications) +49 5519003390 +49 55190033970 Bahnhofsallee 1e Göttingen 37081 Germany info@copernicus.org http://www.copernicus.org/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Teppei J. Yasunari NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, +1 3016146199 +1 3016146307 Bldg 33 Greenbelt MD 20771 United States of America teppei.j.yasunari@nasa.gov http://gestar.usra.edu/gestar/directory/?uname=TYasunari WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Paolo Bonasoni Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR +39 0516399590 +39 0516399652 Via Gobetti,101 Bologna BO 40129 Italy p.bonasoni@isac.cnr.it http://www.isac.cnr.it/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Paolo Laj CNRS Laboratory of Meteorology Physics - Laboratory of Glaciology +33 685628874 +33 473405132 Avenue des Landais Aubiere Cedex 63177 France aj@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr http://wwwobs.univ-bpclermont.fr/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Angela Marinoni Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR +39 0516399597 +39 0516399652 Via Gobetti,101 Bologna BO 40129 Italy a.marinoni@isac.cnr.it http://www.isac.cnr.it/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Paolo Cristofanelli Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR +39 0516399597 +39 0516399652 Via Gobetti,101 Bologna BO 40129 Italy p.cristofanelli@isac.cnr.it http://www.isac.cnr.it/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Elisa Vuillermoz Ev-K2-CNR +39 0353230513 +39 0353230551 Via San Bernardino, 145 Bergamo 24126 BG Italy elisa.vuillermoz@evk2cnr.org http://www.evk2cnr.org/ Rocco Duchi Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) - CNR +39 0516399584 Via Gobetti,101 Bologna BO 40129 Italy R.Duchi@isac.cnr.it www.isac.cnr.it Gianni Tartari The Water Research Institute (IRSA)-CNR +39 03921694203 +39 0392004692 Via del Mulino, 19 Brugherio MB 20047 Italy tartari@irsa.cnr.it www.irsa.cnr.it William K.-M. Lau NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt Greenbelt, MD 20771 United States of America William.K.Lau@nasa.gov http://atmospheres.gsfc.nasa.gov Koji Fujita Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University D2-1(510) Nagoya 464-8601 Japan cozy@nagoya-u.jp http://www.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/resources.get?uuid=a1f78238-cb81-4b13-b9de-974c1deb1d05&fname=mountain_witness__s.png thumbnail png SHARE Atmospheric Brown Clouds Himalayas Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid Nepal black carbon snow surface albedo pre-monsoon period eng climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment geoscientificInformation 80.0522 88.1946 26.3684 30.4247 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/special_issue162.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link The book contains the scientific papers published by EvK2Cnr researchers in a special issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, entitled "Atmospheric brown clouds in the Himalayas " "Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory – Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glacier. https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/webapp/srv/en/resources.get?id=1676&fname=acp-10-6603-2010.pdf&access=private WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download acp-10-6603-2010.pdf Full Text(pdf):"Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory – Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers" http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/6603/2010/acp-10-6603-2010.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Abstract:"Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory – Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers". The book contains the scientific papers by EvK2Cnr researchers in a special issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, entitled "Atmospheric brown clouds in the Himalayas " "Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory -- Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers". T. J. Yasunari, P. Bonasoni, P. Laj, K. Fujita, E. Vuillermoz, A. Marinoni, P. Cristofanelli, R. Duchi, G. Tartari, and K.-M. Lau. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6603-6615, 2010.