2f4e29a4-4379-41ad-ae48-f69bd5f666b7 eng Ev-K2-CNR +39 035 3230511 +39 035 3230551 Via San Bernardino 145 Bergamo BG 24126 Italy metadata@evk2cnr.org http://www.evk2cnr.org/ 2012-03-09T20:18:29 ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 An analytical inversion method for determining regional and global emissions of greenhouse gases: Sensitivity studies and application to halocarbons 2009-03-03T00:00:00 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol.9 5 1597-1620 Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1597-1620, 2009 1680-7316 A new analytical inversion method has been developed to determine the regional and global emissions of long-lived atmospheric trace gases. It exploits in situ measurement data from three global networks and builds on backward simulations with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model. The emission information is extracted from the observed concentration increases over a baseline that is itself objectively determined by the inversion algorithm. The method was applied to two hydrofluorocarbons (HFC-134a, HFC-152a) and a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC-22) for the period January 2005 until March 2007. Detailed sensitivity studies with synthetic as well as with real measurement data were done to quantify the influence on the results of the a priori emissions and their uncertainties as well as of the observation and model errors. It was found that the global a posteriori emissions of HFC-134a, HFC-152a and HCFC-22 all increased from 2005 to 2006. Large increases (21%, 16%, 18%, respectively) from 2005 to 2006 were found for China, whereas the emission changes in North America (?9%, 23%, 17%, respectively) and Europe (11%, 11%, ?4%, respectively) were mostly smaller and less systematic. For Europe, the a posteriori emissions of HFC-134a and HFC-152a were slightly higher than the a priori emissions reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). For HCFC-22, the a posteriori emissions for Europe were substantially (by almost a factor 2) higher than the a priori emissions used, which were based on HCFC consumption data reported to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Combined with the reported strongly decreasing HCFC consumption in Europe, this suggests a substantial time lag between the reported time of the HCFC-22 consumption and the actual time of the HCFC-22 emission. Conversely, in China where HCFC consumption is increasing rapidly according to the UNEP data, the a posteriori emissions are only about 40% of the a priori emissions. This reveals a substantial storage of HCFC-22 and potential for future emissions in China. Deficiencies in the geographical distribution of stations measuring halocarbons in relation to estimating regional emissions are also discussed in the paper. Applications of the inversion algorithm to other greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide are foreseen for the future. Jgor Arduini The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722 303316 +39 0722303311 Piazza Rinascimento, 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy j.arduini@uniurb.it www.uniurb.it Michela Maione The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722303316 +39 0722303310 Piazza Rinascimento, 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy michela.maione@uniurb.it www.uniurb.it Copernicus GmbH (Copernicus Publications) +49 5519003390 +49 55190033970 Bahnhofsallee 1e Göttingen 37081 Germany info@copernicus.org http://www.copernicus.org/ Andreas Stohl Norwegian Institute for Air Research +47 63898035 +47 63898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller 2027 Norway ast@nilu.no http://zardoz.nilu.no/~andreas/ Petra Seibert Institute of Meteorology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences +43 1476545613 Peter-Jordan-Str. 82 Vienna 1190 Austria petra.seibert@boku.ac.at http://www.wau.boku.ac.at Sabine Eckhardt Norwegian Institute for Air Research + 47 63898187 + 47 63898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller 2027 Norway sec@nilu.no http://zardoz.nilu.no/~sabine/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Paul J. B. Fraser CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394613 +61 392394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia paul.fraser@csiro.au http://www.cmar.csiro.au Brian Greally University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, +44 01179289186 +44 01179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom brian.greally@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/acrg-test/people/greally.shtml WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Chris Lunder Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +4763898209 +4763898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway chris.lunder@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Jens Mühle Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla San Diego 92093 United States of America jmuhle@ucsd.edu http://sio.ucsd.edu/Profile/jmuhle WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Simon O'Doherty School of Chemistry, University of Bristol +44 1179289186 +44 1179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United States of America s.odoherty@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk Ronald G. Prinn Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT +1 6172532452 +1 6172530354 Bldg. 54-1312 Cambridge MA 02139-2307 United States of America rprinn@mit.edu web.mit.edu/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Stefan Reimann Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 0587654638 +41 0587661122 Überlandstrasse 129 Düebendrof ZH CH-8600 Switzerland stefan.reimann@empa.ch www.empa.ch WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Takuya Saito National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan saito.takuya@nies.go.jp http://www.nies.go.jp Norbert Schmidbauer Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +47 63898215 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway norbert.schmidbauer@nilu.no ns@nilu.no www.nilu.no Peter G. Simmonds School of Chemistry University of Bristol +44 01179289186 +44 01179211820 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom petergsimmonds@aol.com http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Martin K. Vollmer Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 587654242 Überlandstrasse 129 Duebendorf ZH CH-8600 Switzerland martin.vollmer@empa.ch http://www.empa.ch/plugin/template/empa/357/*/---/l=/uacc=vmk134 Ray F. Weiss Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD +1 8585342598 +1 8584558306 La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America fw@gaslab.ucsd.edu ucsd.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Y. Yokouchi National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan +81 298502549 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibraraky 305-8506 Japan yokouchi@nies.go.jp http://www.nies.go.jp WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/resources.get?uuid=2f4e29a4-4379-41ad-ae48-f69bd5f666b7&fname=mountain_witness__s.png thumbnail png SHARE analytical inversion method greenhouse gases halocarbons Lagrangian particle dispersion model climate change eng climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment -180 180 -90 90 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/1597/2009/acp-9-1597-2009.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Abstract:"An analytical inversion method for determining regional and global emissions of greenhouse gases: Sensitivity studies and application to halocarbons" https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/webapp/srv/en/resources.get?id=37826&fname=acp-9-1597-2009.pdf&access=private WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download acp-9-1597-2009.pdf Full Text(pdf):""An analytical inversion method for determining regional and global emissions of greenhouse gases: Sensitivity studies and application to halocarbons" "An analytical inversion method for determining regional and global emissions of greenhouse gases: Sensitivity studies and application to halocarbons" Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1597-1620,Page(s) 1597-1620, 2009 A. Stohl, P. Seibert, J. Arduini, S. Eckhardt, P. Fraser, B. R. Greally, C. Lunder, M. Maione, J. Mühle, S. O'Doherty, R. G. Prinn, S. Reimann, T. Saito, N. Schmidbauer, P. G. Simmonds, M. K. Vollmer, R. F. Weiss, and Y. Yokouchi