2b22805b-f82c-4a7d-9124-eb21a95be0a9 eng Ev-K2-CNR +39 035 3230511 +39 035 3230551 Via San Bernardino 145 Bergamo BG 24126 Italy metadata@evk2cnr.org http://www.evk2cnr.org/ 2012-03-10T10:39:25 ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 Optimal Estimation of the Surface Fluxes of Methyl Chloride using a 3-D Global Chemical Transport Model, 2010-06-22T00:00:00 Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, , 2010 12 5515-5533 Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5515-5533, 2010 Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1680-7316 Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) is a chlorine-containing trace gas in the atmosphere contributing significantly to stratospheric ozone depletion. Large uncertainties in estimates of its source and sink magnitudes and temporal and spatial variations currently exist. GEIA inventories and other bottom-up emission estimates are used to construct a priori maps of the surface fluxes of CH3Cl. The Model of Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry (MATCH), driven by NCEP interannually varying meteorological data, is then used to simulate CH3Cl mole fractions and quantify the time series of sensitivities of the mole fractions at each measurement site to the surface fluxes of various regional and global sources and sinks. We then implement the Kalman filter (with the unit pulse response method) to estimate the surface fluxes on regional/global scales with monthly resolution from January 2000 to December 2004. High frequency observations from the AGAGE, SOGE, NIES, and NOAA/ESRL HATS in situ networks and low frequency observations from the NOAA/ESRL HATS flask network are used to constrain the source and sink magnitudes. The inversion results indicate global total emissions around 4100 ± 470 Gg yr-1 with very large emissions of 2200 ± 390 Gg yr-1 from tropical plants, which turn out to be the largest single source in the CH3Cl budget. Relative to their a priori annual estimates, the inversion increases global annual fungal and tropical emissions, and reduces the global oceanic source. The inversion implies greater seasonal and interannual oscillations of the natural sources and sink of CH3Cl compared to the a priori. The inversion also reflects the strong effects of the 2002/2003 globally widespread heat waves and droughts on global emissions from tropical plants, biomass burning and salt marshes, and on the soil sink. Brian Greally University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, +44 01179289186 +44 01179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom brian.greally@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/acrg-test/people/greally.shtml WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Stefan Reimann Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 0587654638 +41 0587661122 Überlandstrasse 129 Düebendrof ZH CH-8600 Switzerland stefan.reimann@empa.ch www.empa.ch WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Peter G. Simmonds School of Chemistry University of Bristol +44 01179289186 +44 01179211820 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TH United Kingdom petergsimmonds@aol.com http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Ronald G. Prinn Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, MIT +1 6172532452 +1 6172530354 Bldg. 54-1312 Cambridge MA 02139-2307 United States of America rprinn@mit.edu web.mit.edu/ Paul J. B. Fraser CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394613 +61 3 92394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia paul.fraser@csiro.au http://www.cmar.csiro.au WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Derek M.Cunnold School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30332-0340 United States of America cunnold@eas.gatech.edu http://www.eas.gatech.edu Simon O'Doherty School of Chemistry, University of Bristol +44 1179289186 +44 1179252990 Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom s.odoherty@bristol.ac.uk http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk L. W. Porter Bureau of Meteorology, Smithton Smithton Tasmania Australia http://www.bom.gov.au/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Martin K. Vollmer Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Research (EMPA) +41 587654242 Überlandstrasse 129 Duebendorf ZH CH-8600 martin.vollmer@empa.ch http://www.empa.ch/plugin/template/empa/357/*/---/l=/uacc=vmk134 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Chris Lunder Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +4763898209 +4763898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2027 Norway chris.lunder@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Jgor Arduini The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722303316 +39 0722303311 Piazza Rinascimento 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy j.arduini@uniurb.it www.unirb.it Peter Salameh Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD +1 8585342599 +1 8584558306 La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America psalameh@ucsd.edu ucsd.edu/ Paul Krummel CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research +61 392394568 +61 392394444 Aspendale Victoria 3195 Australia paul.krummel@csiro.au www.dar.csiro.au/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Hsiang J. Ray Wang School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology +1 4048943815 +1 4048945638 Atlanta GA 30332 United States of America raywang@eas.gatech.edu www.eas.gatech.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Ray F. Weiss Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD +1 8585342598 +1 8584558306 La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America fw@gaslab.ucsd.edu ucsd.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Michela Maione The University of Urbino "Carlo Bo" - Chemical Science Institute +39 0722303316 +39 0722303310 Piazza Rinascimento 6 Urbino PU 61029 Italy michela.maione@uniurb.it www.unirb.it Frode Stordal Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) +47 63898175 +47 63898050 Instituttveien 18 Kjeller NO-2007 Norway Frode.Stordal@nilu.no www.nilu.no/ Xue Xiao Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge MA MA 02139 United States of America xue.xiao@rice.edu http://www.rice.edu/ C. M. Harth Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America http://www.sio.ucsd.edu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Jens Mühle Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla San Diego CA 92093-0244 United States of America jmuhle@ucsd.edu http://sio.ucsd.edu/Profile/jmuhle WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Stephen A. Montzka ESRL, NOAA, +1 3034976657 +1 3034976290 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80305 United States of America Stephen.A.Montzka@noaa.gov smontzka@cmdl.noaa.gov http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/personnel/montzka/montzka1.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related James W. Elkins ESRL, NOAA +1 3034976224 +1 3034976290 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80303 United States of America James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov www.esrl.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Geoff S. Dutton ESRL, NOAA +1 3034976086 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80303 United States of America Geoff.Dutton@noaa.gov www.esrl.noaa.gov T. M. Thompson ESRL, NOAA 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80303 United States of America tthompson@cmdl.noaa.gov www.esrl.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners J. H. Butler ESRL, NOAA +1 3034976898 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80303 United States of America jbutler@cmdl.noaa.gov www.esrl.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Bradley D. Hall ESRL, NOAA +1 3034977011 325 Broadway Boulder CO 80303 United States of America bradley.hall@noaa.gov www.esrl.noaa.gov Y. Yokouchi National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan +81 298502549 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibraraky 305-8506 Japan yokouchi@nies.go.jp http://www.nies.go.jp https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/resources.get?uuid=2b22805b-f82c-4a7d-9124-eb21a95be0a9&fname=mountain_witness__s.png thumbnail png SHARE Methyl chloride trace gas stratospheric ozone depletion CH3Cl budget AGAGE SOGE eng climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment NaN NaN NaN NaN http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/5515/2010/acp-10-5515-2010.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--partners Abstract:"Optimal Estimation of the Surface Fluxes of Methyl Chloride using a 3-D Global Chemical Transport Model" https://geoportal.mountaingenius.org/webapp/srv/en/resources.get?id=37829&fname=acp-10-5515-2010.pdf&access=private WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download acp-10-5515-2010.pdf Full Text(pdf):"Optimal Estimation of the Surface Fluxes of Methyl Chloride using a 3-D Global Chemical Transport Model" "Optimal Estimation of the Surface Fluxes of Methyl Chloride using a 3-D Global Chemical Transport Model". Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5515-5533, 2010. Xiao, X., Prinn, R.G., Fraser, P.J., Simmonds, P.G., Weiss, R.F., O’Doherty, S., Miller, B.R., Salameh, P.K., Harth, C.M., Krummel, P.B., Porter, L.W., Muhle, J., Greally, B.R., Cunnold, D., Wang, R., Montzka, S.A., Elkins, J.W., Dutton, G.S., Thompson, T.M., Butler, J.H., Hall, B.D., Reimann, S., Vollmer, M.K., Stordal, F., Lunder, C., Maione, M., Arduini, J., Yokouchi, Y.